Temperature sensor data visualisation with Node-RED

Overview

This lesson assumes that a temperature sensor is sending data to The Things Network. In this lesson we will use the MQTT protocol to subscribe to data transmission events. We will create a program in Node-RED to subscribe to the data transmissions and to graph the data coming from the sensor using the in-built Dashboard function in Node-RED.

Learning Objectives

• Learn how to subscribe to a MQTT using the Node-RED MQTT-in node
• Learn how to extract sensor data using the Node-RED function node.
• Learn how to create a Dashboard in Node-RED to monitor live data.

Subscribe to MQTT

Open Node-RED

• Click on the Raspberry Pi main drop down menu.
• Select Programming > Node-RED

• Node-RED will automatically open the Terminal on the Raspberry Pi.
• It takes approximately ten seconds for Node-RED to initialise itself.

• To actually use Node-RED you need to open the web browser on the Raspberry Pi.
• Click on the default web browser.
• In the search bar enter localhost:1880
• Localhost is the address of the local or host machine.
• In this example the host address is 192.168.1.168, but your computer will have a different address.
• The number at the end of the URL (1880) is the port number for the Node-RED application.
• Different ports are assigned to different applications using HTTP protocols.
• Note - if you are using UFW (uncomplicated firewall) you may need to open this port otherwise Node-RED will not work.

Installing the simpletime node

If you don't have the simpletime node installed go to the hamburger menu on the top right of the screen and select Manage pallet

Select the Install tab then search for node-red-contrib-simpletime and press install

Subscribing to MQTT

• To subscribe to MQTT we need the 'mqtt in node.
• Find the mqtt in node and drag it onto the Flow 1
• You will notice that the node has both a blue circle and a red triangle.
• The red triangle indicates that the node requires further configuration before it will work

Configuring the mqtt in node

• Double click on the mqtt in node.
• In Properties > Server > select Add new mqtt-broker
• Click on the Edit button to the right - which looks like a pencil

• Enter the following details:
  • Properties > Name > pycom-temperature-1
  • Connection > Server > au1.cloud.thethings.network
  • Connection > Port > 1883
  • Leave all other details as shown in the example below.

• Click on the Security tab
• The Username is whi-seedling-1-pycom@ttn
• The Password is NNSXS.Z625CQKKEWAPSQK467JRSAFFYINH7LTHSUC5CYY.MHEVWHKKLPWXQWESSCALZFVHA6EKUNISQH4IVHKAOXYZRMOH6D7A
• If copying these fields from mediawiki or another computer use right mouse button click copy
• Click on the red Add button to commit the changes.

• You will be asked to complete some final configuration settings.

• Update the following fields:
  • Topic # - The hash symbol means subscribe to all topics
  • QoS 0 - quality of service. A value of zero equates to a low quality. Data losses are acceptable.
  • Output a Parsed JSON Object - JSON format output for all data
  • Name pycom-temperature-1
• Then click on Done to commit all the edits.

• The finished mqtt in node should now appear in the main flow window.
• It will still have a blue circle because the flow has not been Deployed.

Add a Debug Node

• Before we Deploy this first flow we will need to add a Debug node.
• Drag a Debug node from the pallet and connect it to the output of the mqtt in node (pycom-temperature-1).

Set the Debug Window

• The Debug node will show us all the JSON data output coming from mqtt in node.
• To see the Debug output click on the Debug messages tab.

• Click on the Deploy button to make the flow active.
• Message should appear indicating that the flow has been successfully Deployed.
• The mqtt in node will also show a green connected status message underneath the node.

Receiving mqtt data

• When data arrives from the temperature sensor (approximately every 30 minutes) it will appear in the Debug window on the right of the screen.
• The data is presented in a compacted form.

• By clicking on the drop down arrows in the message the different sections of the message can be expanded.
• Expand the uplink_message and the decoded_payload to see the sensor data.

Extracting sensor data

• We can extract sensor data using the Node-RED function node.

Obtaining data using the function node

• In this example we will prepare a function node to extract all the data.
• Drag a function node into the Edit window.

• Then drag a Debug node and wire up all nodes as shown.

Editing the Function node

• Double click on the Function node to bring up the edit window.

• Enter the following code to extract all the data.
• Then click on Done to commit the edits.

• The code has been reproduced below.

var time = msg.mytime.concat(" " + (msg.myymd));
var battery; // battery voltage data
var humidity; // humidity data from within the sensor housing
var onewire_temp; // onewire temperature data
var temperature; // temperature data from within the sensor housing

battery = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.bat;
humidity = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.humid;
onewire_temp = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.onewire_temp;
temperature = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.temp;

msg.payload = "time=" + String(time) + " "
            + "bat=" + String(battery) + " "
            + "humid=" + String(humidity) + " "
            + "onewire_temp=" + String(onewire_temp) + " "
            + "temp=" + String(temperature);

return msg;

• The complete nodes should appear as in the image below.
• Click on Deploy to make the flow active.

• Click on the Clear log button to clear the Debug window.

• When new messages arrive they can be more clearly seen in the Debug window.
• In this case the voltage of the battery is 4 (4.00 V).

Putting it together

Adding final nodes and cleaning up

Without file saving

Add/remove nodes if necessary. Your final setup should be similar to below

With file saving

Add/remove nodes if necessary. Your final setup should be similar to below

For the file save node ensure you have set you path. Example shown below

Appendix

• Node-RED code

[
    {
        "id": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "type": "tab",
        "label": "Remote Tiny-House-12 Monitoring",
        "disabled": false,
        "info": "",
        "env": []
    },
    {
        "id": "9eb5f086aba506f2",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "pycom-temperature-1",
        "topic": "#",
        "qos": "0",
        "datatype": "json",
        "broker": "770475c1.8593ac",
        "nl": false,
        "rap": true,
        "rh": 0,
        "inputs": 0,
        "x": 160,
        "y": 300,
        "wires": [
            [
                "1fb65b545310430e",
                "8495f4220d172f63"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "1b6fa839582e5f27",
        "type": "debug",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "debug 2",
        "active": true,
        "tosidebar": true,
        "console": false,
        "tostatus": false,
        "complete": "payload",
        "targetType": "msg",
        "statusVal": "",
        "statusType": "auto",
        "x": 640,
        "y": 300,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "42efdbdb620f1c41",
        "type": "function",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "function 1",
        "func": "var time = msg.mytime.concat(\" \" + (msg.myymd));\nvar battery; // battery voltage data\nvar humidity; // humidity data from within the sensor housing\nvar onewire_temp; // onewire temperature data\nvar temperature; // temperature data from within the sensor housing\n\nbattery = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.bat;\nhumidity = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.humid;\nonewire_temp = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.onewire_temp;\ntemperature = msg.payload.uplink_message.decoded_payload.temp;\n\nmsg.payload = \"time=\" + String(time) + \" \"\n            + \"bat=\" + String(battery) + \" \"\n            + \"humid=\" + String(humidity) + \" \"\n            + \"onewire_temp=\" + String(onewire_temp) + \" \"\n            + \"temp=\" + String(temperature);\n\nreturn msg;",
        "outputs": 1,
        "timeout": "",
        "noerr": 0,
        "initialize": "",
        "finalize": "",
        "libs": [],
        "x": 500,
        "y": 320,
        "wires": [
            [
                "1b6fa839582e5f27",
                "2b50ee3d9439b414"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "1fb65b545310430e",
        "type": "debug",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "debug 1",
        "active": true,
        "tosidebar": true,
        "console": false,
        "tostatus": false,
        "complete": "payload",
        "targetType": "msg",
        "statusVal": "",
        "statusType": "auto",
        "x": 340,
        "y": 280,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "8495f4220d172f63",
        "type": "simpletime",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "",
        "mydate": true,
        "myymd": true,
        "myyear": true,
        "mymonth": true,
        "mymonthn": true,
        "mydom": true,
        "mydoy": true,
        "myday": true,
        "myhourpm": true,
        "myhour": true,
        "mytime": true,
        "mytimes": true,
        "myminute": true,
        "myminutes": true,
        "mysecond": true,
        "mymillis": true,
        "myepoch": true,
        "myrawdate": true,
        "mypm": true,
        "x": 350,
        "y": 320,
        "wires": [
            [
                "42efdbdb620f1c41"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "2b50ee3d9439b414",
        "type": "file",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "",
        "filename": "/home/birdnet/Documents/tinyhouse.txt",
        "filenameType": "str",
        "appendNewline": true,
        "createDir": true,
        "overwriteFile": "false",
        "encoding": "none",
        "x": 730,
        "y": 340,
        "wires": [
            [
                "90306f0828267f4c"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "90306f0828267f4c",
        "type": "debug",
        "z": "4a48c27d77b24951",
        "name": "debug 3",
        "active": true,
        "tosidebar": true,
        "console": false,
        "tostatus": false,
        "complete": "payload",
        "targetType": "msg",
        "statusVal": "",
        "statusType": "auto",
        "x": 960,
        "y": 340,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "770475c1.8593ac",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "pycom-temperature-1",
        "broker": "au1.cloud.thethings.network",
        "port": "1883",
        "clientid": "",
        "autoConnect": true,
        "usetls": false,
        "protocolVersion": "4",
        "keepalive": "60",
        "cleansession": true,
        "autoUnsubscribe": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "birthMsg": {},
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closeQos": "0",
        "closePayload": "",
        "closeMsg": {},
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": "",
        "willMsg": {},
        "userProps": "",
        "sessionExpiry": ""
    }
]